140DRA84000 Quantum

假設(shè)在電刷未通電的狀態(tài)下，線圈（轉(zhuǎn)子）沿逆時(shí)針方向旋轉(zhuǎn)。作為現(xiàn)實(shí)案例，有這種情況：當(dāng)正在旋轉(zhuǎn)的電機(jī)的電源被切斷后，轉(zhuǎn)子由于慣性而繼續(xù)轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)。

在①的狀態(tài)下，線圈A位于磁體N和S的中間。由于磁體產(chǎn)生的磁場方向是從N到S，逆時(shí)針旋轉(zhuǎn)使線圈A接近磁體N，因此，向旋轉(zhuǎn)軸方向的磁通量變化在（+）處大（粉紅色箭頭）。結(jié)果，線圈A產(chǎn)生電動(dòng)勢，該電動(dòng)勢使電流（紫色箭頭）從旋轉(zhuǎn)軸向外側(cè)流動(dòng)。

由于線圈B遠(yuǎn)離磁體N，線圈C靠近磁體S，因此磁通量的變化變?yōu)椋?）（粉紅色箭頭），并且磁通量的變化值由于位置靠近磁體而小于大值。結(jié)果，線圈B和線圈C產(chǎn)生電動(dòng)勢，該電動(dòng)勢使電流（紫色箭頭）從外側(cè)流向旋轉(zhuǎn)軸。

當(dāng)此時(shí)的線圈A、B、C的電動(dòng)勢合并時(shí)，相對(duì)于右電刷在左電刷中產(chǎn)生（+）電壓。

當(dāng)變?yōu)棰诘臓顟B(tài)時(shí)，線圈B位于磁體N和S中間，并且由于其接近S，所以磁通量的變化在（-）處變?yōu)榇?。結(jié)果，線圈B產(chǎn)生電動(dòng)勢，該電動(dòng)勢使電流從外側(cè)流向旋轉(zhuǎn)軸。

由于線圈A靠近磁體N，線圈C遠(yuǎn)離磁體S，所以磁通量的變化為（+），并且磁通量的變化值由于位置靠近磁體而小于大值。結(jié)果，線圈B和線圈C產(chǎn)生電動(dòng)勢，該電動(dòng)勢使電流從旋轉(zhuǎn)軸向外側(cè)流動(dòng)。

當(dāng)此時(shí)的線圈A、B、C的電動(dòng)勢合并時(shí)，相對(duì)于電機(jī)右電刷在電機(jī)左電刷產(chǎn)生正電壓。

綜上所述，當(dāng)線圈（轉(zhuǎn)子）逆時(shí)針旋轉(zhuǎn)時(shí)，相對(duì)于電機(jī)右電刷，總是在電機(jī)左電刷上產(chǎn)生（+）電壓。如果線圈順時(shí)針旋轉(zhuǎn)，則會(huì)因反向動(dòng)作而在電機(jī)右電刷上產(chǎn)生（+）電壓。產(chǎn)生的電壓被換向器整流成直流電壓，并且發(fā)電電壓會(huì)隨著轉(zhuǎn)速的增加而提高。不言而喻，發(fā)電機(jī)就是基于這一原理制造的。

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BMI 8800 POWERSCOPE BASIC MEASURING INSTRUMENTS W/WIRES

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