DI232

DI232

作為一種衡量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，機(jī)器視覺系統(tǒng)中小的測量單位（稍后提到的一些例外情況）就是單個(gè)像素。與任何測量系統(tǒng)一樣，為了進(jìn)行可重復(fù)和可靠的測量，使用小測量單位（作為一般經(jīng)驗(yàn)法則）為所需測量公差帶的十分之一的測量儀。在剛描述的例子中，可以估計(jì)系統(tǒng)提供大約+/- 0.005“的度測量（0.01”的公差帶，十倍儀表單位）。 

工程師首先使用機(jī)器視覺進(jìn)行測量往往嚴(yán)重低估了達(dá)到理想水平的測量精度不確定性所需的像素?cái)?shù)量。事實(shí)上，它可能需要多臺攝像機(jī)，專業(yè)攝像機(jī)（如線掃描成像儀）或單個(gè)部件的多個(gè)視圖來達(dá)到指定檢測容差所需的分辨率。 

如果需要，展開解決方案 

有時(shí)候，我們可以用數(shù)學(xué)方法在成像系統(tǒng)中擠出額外的分辨率，使用算法來報(bào)告亞像素重復(fù)性的特征。一些例子是灰度邊緣分析，幾何或相關(guān)搜索，圓形或線條擬合等回歸，以及某些情況下的連通性。如果可以通過使用這些工具來考慮子像素結(jié)果，則如前所述，小的測量單位可以小于單個(gè)像素。請注意，由供應(yīng)商提供的子像素能力估計(jì)值只是這個(gè)估計(jì)值，通常用于好的成像，光學(xué)和部件表示。請謹(jǐn)慎使用任意子像素期望值作為指定系統(tǒng)測量功能的決定性因素。用實(shí)際零件和圖像測試系統(tǒng)，以經(jīng)驗(yàn)確定子像素的能力。 

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